退休公務人員/陳弘光
為搶攻AI人才，經濟部推出「2+4方案」，計畫四年內培育20萬人，其中以每年補助2.5萬名外籍生來台攻讀AI相關學程為主力。政府補貼兩年學雜費，企業提供生活津貼，畢業後需留台服務2至4年。
此政策雖標榜解決人力缺口，卻引發爭議：台灣是否應以公共資源，優先培育外籍學生？本地青年是否在全球化競爭下，被迫讓出就業與資源空間？
預算補貼外籍生 本土資源被稀釋？
目前每年約有1.9萬名外籍學生來台就讀，留台率僅約47%。「2+4方案」設計為提高留用率，鎖定菲律賓、印度、馬來西亞、泰國等國，並搭配企業就業機會。
經濟部長郭智輝曾表示，「這是為世界訓練人才」，但外界質疑，當政府資源有限，是否該優先投入本土AI人才的培育，而非幫助他國輸出人才？截至目前，國內僅培育6萬名AI人才，與整體20萬人目標仍有極大差距。
更令人擔憂的是，官員坦承選擇特定國家是因「與先進國相比，台灣薪資吸引力不足」，此舉恐讓政府預算淪為企業降低人事成本的變相補貼。
留用保障換就業壓力？青年起薪恐被稀釋
方案另一特色，是外籍生畢業後的「保證就業」條件。企業可在培訓期間就提前布局，並有優先錄用權。此機制對產業雖有即時助益，卻也讓本地青年處於弱勢競爭地位。
當企業可用較低成本取得政府培育人力，是否更傾向雇用外籍生，而非期望薪資較高的台灣畢業生？這對剛踏入職場的青年將造成結構性壓力，進一步壓縮起薪與升遷空間。
此外，雖有服務期約束，但滿期後是否長留台灣仍具不確定性。若大多選擇離開，則等同台灣以預算短期支援他國人才，對本地產業長遠貢獻有限。
國際化還是依賴？競爭力不能建立在短期外援
經濟部強調，「2+4方案」有助補齊軟體與應用端人力，強化台灣成為AI人才樞紐。但評論指出，國家競爭力的根基，在於本土人才的長期養成與創新能力，而非依賴補貼吸引短期外援。
當政府選擇以預算支持外籍生，卻未同步強化本地高等教育、在職訓練與研究能量，將使本土青年面臨資源排擠，產業也可能陷入「短期替代、長期依賴」的惡性循環。
更重要的是，若政策未有效留住人才，反而淪為「訓練完即離開」的人才中繼站，不但國家無實益，還可能讓企業養成依賴低成本外援的慣性。
【以上言論為第三人投書，不代表本刊立場，讀者請本於客觀事證自行評價】
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